Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the preventive behavior, and responses to national preparedness and response readiness to the COVID-19 outbreak by Healthcare workers in Nigeria.
A cross-sectional survey of 1200 HCW was carried out, three hundred and forty-six (346) responded to the online questionnaire on demographic characteristics, national preparedness, and preventive behavior towards COVID-19 by HCWs. Descriptive analysis of variables in the form of tables and graphs was carried out. A binary logistic regression analysis was applied and expressed as odds ratio (OR) at a 95% confidence interval (C?I) and p-value of 0.05 as significant values.
Of the (346) HCWs, 249 (72.0%) were males, 214 (61.8%) belong to the age group 30-39 years, age group of between 20 and 49 years were more likely to be anxious about been infected of SARS-CoV-2. HCWs in the S.E. region were 35 times more likely to use a face mask (OR 35.0; 95% C?I 3.48-370.41; P=0.0003), and 140 (40.5%) of the HCWs supported one health approach for containing the spread of COVID-19. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/zongertinib.html HCWs were anxious (OR=5.885; 95% C?I 1.634-20.973; p=0.007) about their families becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 because of their occupation.
The national preparedness and response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria were below expectations. Healthcare workers were worried about infection with SARS-CoV-2. One health approach is recommended for the fight against the infectious disease of animal origin like COVID-19.
The national preparedness and response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria were below expectations. Healthcare workers were worried about infection with SARS-CoV-2. One health approach is recommended for the fight against the infectious disease of animal origin like COVID-19.Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) reduced serum triglyceride levels in rats when co-administered with heavy cream by gavage. Do CNF and other nanomaterials (NMs) alter the tissue distribution and retention of co-administered metal ions? We evaluated whether 5 different NMs affected tissue distribution of co-ingested 65Zn++ and 59Fe+++ in zinc-replete versus zinc-deficient mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either zinc-replete or zinc-deficient diets for 3 weeks, followed by gavage with NM suspensions in water containing both 65ZnCl2 and 59FeCl3. Urine and feces were measured for 48 h post-gavage. Mice were euthanized and samples of 22 tissues were collected and analyzed for 65Zn and 59Fe in a gamma counter. Our data show that zinc deficiency alters the tissue distribution of 65Zn but not of 59Fe, indicating that zinc and iron homeostasis are regulated by distinct mechanisms. Among the tested NMs, soluble starch-coated chitosan nanoparticles, cellulose nanocrystals, and TiO2 reduced Zn and Fe tissue retention in zinc-deficient but not in zinc-replete animals.With the rapid global spread of the new coronavirus and risk of pneumonia from COVID-19 infection, wearing a mask has become an essential defense for all frontline doctors, nurses, and healthcare professionals. Plus, the rise in demand for masks from the general public means the worldwide supply of masks is insufficient, which has led to an increase in the reuse of disposable masks. Therefore, this study compared the impact of autoclaving (steaming) and 70% ethyl alcohol treatment for decontaminating masks, as both methods can easily be used at home. The autoclaved masks showed a better filtration efficiency than the 70% ethyl alcohol-treated masks. A further investigation of 8 used KF 94 masks (filtration efficiency &gt;94%) also showed that autoclaving for decontamination was limited to two times. Moreover, a kitchen towel mask, a popular homemade alternative, did not show sufficient filtration efficiency.The rapid spread of COVID-19, which has led to a global pandemic, has placed public health systems under severe pressure. Identifying variations in SARS-CoV-2 strains from different regions is a key factor for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms, aid in diagnosis, prevention and therapy of this disease. The present study is an analytical descriptive study aimed to determine genetic variations among SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in China. Sixty six complete genome sequences of the virus were retrieved from NCBI, the sequence of original Wuhan strain accession number NC 045512 was used as the reference sequence. Each genome sequence was blasted against the original Wuhan strain; the analysis was done using NCBI Nucleo-blast. The collected sequences showed 10 different variants. One hundred and thirty four mutations were identified among the variants of SARS-CoV-2 in this study; most of them 52.2% (70/134) were missense point mutation, majority of the mutations 65.7% (88/134) occurred in the open reading frame a/b (ORFab), few mutations occurred in the structural viral genome, each of spike (S) gene and nucleocapsid (N) gene showed 4 mutations; 2 silent point mutations and 2 missense point mutations occurred in each gene whereas membrane (M) gene showed silent point mutation and no mutation observed in the envelope E gene. The remarkable observation in this study showed by Yunnan variant accession number MT226610 which exhibited high incidence of mutations, it displayed 28 different point mutations; only 3(10.7%) of them were silent mutations while the rest were missense mutations. Our analysis showed several mutations including spike S gene and membrane M gene which may be responsible for a change in the structures of target proteins.The new SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) belongs to the family of coronaviruses, and it is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans. It causes a contagious disease, which affects the respiratory system and can lead to severe complications in some cases. This virus was detected in China, then rapidly spread to almost all countries. Because of their complexity and the malignancy of the symptoms, they remain a center of interest for researchers. Herein, we provide a review in terms of transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options in clinical trials of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), because readers need to update themselves regularly, and there is still much more to know about it.